Rotator cuff tendinitis is the term used to describe irritation of tendons either from excessive pressure on the acromion or, less commonly, from intrinsic tendon pathology. Some common causes of impingement syndrome are repetitive throwing, lifting, or overhead activities such as painting. As this sliding occurs over and over, the rotator cuff tendons will often be pinched as you use the shoulder everyday. In anatomy, the rotator cuff is a group of muscles and their tendons that act to stabilize the shoulder and allow for its extensive range of motion. The muscles of the rotator cuff are easily remembered by the acronym sits. Pdf epidemiology and demographics of the rotator cuff tear. You carry bags on it, let friends lean on it, and the greek titan atlas even carried the world upon it. Grade 3 rotator cuff repair miniopen or neer approach large to massive tear greater than 5 cm i. Small aug 08, 2018 in the above context, we learned about all the four muscles that form the rotator cuff muscles and help the movement and stabilization of the shoulder joint.
If you would like a large, unwatermarked image for your web page or blog, please purchase the appropriate license. Any information contained in this pdf file is automatically generated from digital. European perspective and the humerus distal to the cuff insertion, and abutment of the undersurface of the supraspinatus tendon. A rotator cuff tear is often the result of wear and tear from daily use. Although the exact pathogenesis is controversial, a combination of intrinsic factors proposed by. An evaluationbased approach abstract rotator cuff disease of the shoulder, a common condition, is often incapacitating. Each one of these muscles is part of the rotator cuff and plays an important role. It is important to understand general anatomy and how the rotator cuff functions. It is roofed by the rotator interval capsule, which is principally made up of the coracohumeral ligament. Chronic overuse, acute injury or gradual aging can cause some serious damage to any one or all of the muscles as well as the ligaments that act as an attachment between the muscles and bone. Of the seven scapulohumeral muscles, four make up the rotator cuff. The shoulder can easily slip out of alignment by a few millimeters, become weak due to regular wear and tear, or become completely dislocated during a fall. Rotator cuff injuries are very common, affecting over 3 million people in the united states every year.
Certainly the rotator cuff as the name suggests plays a major role in the internal and external rotation of the upper arm in the shoulder joint. Rotator cuff and shoulder conditioning program stretching exercises 1. The rotator cuff is made up of four muscles supraspinatus, infraspinatus, subscapularis, and teres minor and their tendons. Some of these issues include the influence of the morphology of the acromion, ca ligament, and coracoid process on the development of rotator cuff tears. The rotator cuff interval is a triangular space between the tendons of subscapularis and supraspinatus and the base of the coracoid process.
Slowly pull elbows back, squeezing your shoulder blades together. Surgical anatomy of the rotator cuff and the natural. Rotator cuff injuries, such as tendonitis, bursitis and tears, plague 2030% of people in our population. While our bigger muscles, like our deltoids, lats, and pectorals control gross movements around the shoulder, the rc acts to stabilize the glenohumeral joint during these movements. Curtis as, burbank km, tierney jj, scheller ad, curran ar. To acquire a working knowledge of rotator cuff tears. The exhibit features the anatomy of the left rotator cuff, the group of muscles that stabilize the shoulder joint and allow for rotating movement of the shoulder and arm. These muscles are the supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, and subscapularis. When you know where muscles attach, you can more accurately cue clients during rotator cuff exercises, by showing. The supraspinatus inserts superiorly on the greater tuberosity. Grasp both ends of the theraband, bring shoulders back and down. High resolution ultrasound of morphological features of rotator cuff. Rotator cuff illustration, picture of rotator cuff illustration.
For printing and mounting, we recommend using a commercial printing service for best results. Rotator cuff repair postsurgical rehabilitation protocol postop days 1 21 immobilizer with abductor pillow x 46 weeks even while sleeping place pillow under shoulder arm while sleeping for comfort hand squeezing exercises elbow and wrist active motion arom with shoulder in neutral position at side. Benjamin ma, md, professor, chief, sports medicine and. To learn recommended exercises for clients with rotator cuff tears. Many factors can affect rotator cuff repair outcomes, including chronicity, location, size, and tissue quality. The rotator cuff is composed of teres minor, infraspinatus, supraspinatus, and subscapularis. However, more serious injuries, such as complete rotator cuff tears, may require surgical repair. Nov 29, 2016 the humerus is connected to the scapula and the scapula is connected to the. Surgical anatomy of the rotator cuff and the natural history. Sep 24, 2017 once we get the anatomy down we can start to understand the injury mechanisms. A video animation that peels back muscles to expose the 4 muscles that make up the rotator cuff and visually explain the function of each rotator cuff muscle. See more ideas about shoulder anatomy, anatomy and scapula. The myotendinous units of the rotator cuff and their insertions onto the humerus were dissected in 20 freshfrozen cadavers. Deltoids, supraspinatus, infraspinatus, subscapularis equipment needed.
The aim of this presentation is to discuss the current literature and opinions on the biomechanics of the rotator cuff and relate this to the clinical relevance in rotator cuff tears. These muscles and tendons provide stability in the shoulder, attaching around the head of the humerus bone, encircling it like a cuff. Both the osseous and softtissue structures have a signi. In the above context, we learned about all the four muscles that form the rotator cuff muscles and help the movement and stabilization of the shoulder joint. Indeed, fundamental to rotator cuff surgery is knowledge of the normal anatomic relations. Learn rotator cuff anatomy physiology with free interactive flashcards. Knowledge of the insertional anatomy of the rotator cuff can facilitate grading and repair of rotator cuff tears.
Next press the inside of your forearm against a wall b for 20 seconds. Familiarity with the typical location and morphology of the cable may allow easier characterization of disease that can involve the cable, such as rotator cuff tears. Anatomy of shoulder impingement, rotator cuff and labral. The rotator cuff is a group of four muscles and tendons that surround the shoulder joint. Steps in shoulder sonography step 1 biceps brachii tendon, long head step 2 subscapularis and biceps brachii tendon step 3 acromioclavicular joint step 4 supraspinatus. The supraspinatus is the most commonly injured tendon in the rotator cuff. In this quick 5 minute video i go over the relevant anatomy of the shoulder joint as it relates to common injuries like impingement, rotator cuff issues and labral tears. Space and rotator cuff anatomy musculoskeletal key.
European perspective and the humerus distal to the cuff insertion, and abutment of the undersurface of the supraspinatus tendon aga inst the superior glenoid. Once we get the anatomy down we can start to understand the injury mechanisms. Cofield classification of rotator cuff tears cofield 1982 cofield, surg gynec obstet, 1545. Youre more likely to have this if you have a job where you need to move your arm a certain way over and over, like a. The last decade saw introduction of three components. The rotator cuff slides between the humeral head and the acromion as we raise our arm.
Explore and learn the muscles of the shoulder with our 3d interactive anatomy muscle atlas. Choose from 500 different sets of rotator cuff anatomy physiology flashcards on quizlet. How to remember the functions of the rotator cuff muscles. Chattanooga, tn 423 6242696 anatomy and function the shoulder joint is a ball and socket joint that connects the bone of the upper arm humerus with the shoulder blade scapula. Three of the four rotator cuff muscles are deep to the deltoid and trapezius muscles and cannot be seen unless those muscles are first removed and one is on the anterior side of the scapula bone and cannot be seen from the surface. All of these muscles originate on different portions of the scapula and insert on the humeral head where they converge at the glenohumeral joint capsule to form a tendinous cuff around the joint 4. Feb 10, 2008 a discussion of the surgical anatomy of the rotator cuff of necessity embodies the following topics. The rotator cuff is extremely vital to dynamic shoulder joint stability, as they are the only muscles that directly span the glenohumeral joint. Your rotator cuff is made up of muscles and tendons that keep the ball head of your upperarm bone humerus in your shoulder socket. A discussion of the surgical anatomy of the rotator cuff of necessity embodies the following topics. Rotator cuff coracoacromial arc acromion the acromion is flat in shape and extends laterally, then anterolaterally. Although the exact pathogenesis is controversial, a combination of.
Repetitive overhead activities resulting in irritation of tendons and bursae from repeated. Muscles of the rotator cuff human anatomy and physiology. These muscles and tendons hold the arm in its ball and socket joint and are involved in essentially all. A discussion of the surgical anatomy of the rotator cuff of necessity embodies. Rotator cuff sprain and strains university of california. The rotator cuff is a group of 4 muscles and their associated tendons that span the shoulder joint, or more anatomically speaking, the glenohumeral joint. The rotator cuff can become irritated or inflamed when it becomes pinched between the acromion the roof portion of the shoulder and the humeral head the ball portion of the shoulder joint. Any information contained in this pdf file is automatically generated from digital material. Human anatomy for muscle, reproductive, and skeleton. The rotator cuff is a group of four muscles which stabilise movements of the shoulder at the glenohumeral joint. Pdf the rotator cuff is the prime stabilizer of the glenohumeral or shoulder joint. Make sure youre prepared for questions on its attachments, innervations and functions with our upper extremity muscle anatomy revision chart. Whether nonsurgical or surgical, successful management of rotator cuff disease is dependent on appropriate rehabilitation. None stepbystep directions lean forward and place one hand on a counter or table for support.
Irritation of the adjacent bursa is known as subdeltoid or subacromial bursitis. Phase i immediate postoperative phase weeks 0 6 days 014 patient is seen 2 days postoperative to remove surgical dressings and pain catheter. Showering is allowed once dressings and catheter is removed. Think back to the video and visualise where the muscles insert.
Press the outside of your forearm against a wall a for 20 seconds. Roughly, the volume and power of the subscapularis muscle is. The shoulder has an incredible range of motion, but this means that it is also very prone to injury. The rotator cuff is the name given to the group of four muscles that are largely responsible for the ability to rotate the arm. The purpose of this study was to define the entire rotator cuff footprint and relate it to known, easily identifiable landmarks as a guide for both open and arthroscopic rotator cuff repair. These injuries may be caused by natural degeneration, trauma or overuse.
Pdf revisiting the anatomy of rotator cuff relevant to rotator. The rotator cuff of the shoulder is made up of four muscles. You might be suffering from a supraspinatus tear or supraspinatus tendinitis if. The rotator cuff comprises a group of 4 muscles around the shoulder joint which connect the shoulder blade to the humerus, acting to stabilise the shoulder and permit smooth motion. Rotator cuff muscular, musculoskeletal anatomyzone. Apr 21, 2019 the rotator cuff is a group of muscles and tendons that form a cuff over the shoulder. It contains the tendon of the long head of the biceps and the superior glenohumeral ligament. These muscles and tendons hold the arm in its ball and socket joint and are involved in essentially all shoulder. Most people with rotator cuff injuries can recover with rest and physical therapy. You may not embed one of our images on your web page without a link back to our site.
The rotator cuff is a group of muscles and tendons that form a cuff over the shoulder. We distinguish an upper surface, in close contact with the skin, bearing rough scores. Now, its time to go deeper and learn the exact attachment sites and how to feel them on your body. Sits is the acronym that many personal trainers use to remember the four rotator cuff muscle names. Rotator cuff tear has been a known entity for orthopaedic surgeons for more than two hundred years. Type three rotator cuff repair miniopen or neer approach large to massive tear greater than 5 cm i.
Learn quiz muscles shoulder rotator cuff with free interactive flashcards. Anatomy of rotator cuff left certified medical illustrations. Mar 27, 20 this tutorial introduces the rotator cuff muscles. Jul 07, 2019 the rotator cuff is a group of muscles and tendons that form a cuff over the shoulder. The natural course of nonoperatively treated rotator cuff tears.
The rotator cuff is a group of four muscles and their tendons, important in stabilizing the glenohumeral joint. The four muscles, namely supraspinatus, infraspinatus, subscapularis and teres minor arise from the scapula and insert on the humeral head where they form a cuff. These muscles and tendons hold the arm in its ball and socket joint and are involved in essentially all shoulder motions. The four muscles are the supraspinatus muscle, the infraspinatus muscle, teres minor muscle, and the subscapularis muscle. Horizontal rows secure theraband around a stable object, like a pole patient can either kneel or stand. Shoulder rotator cuff tear brett sanders, md center for sports medicine and orthopaedic 2415 mccallie ave. Choose from 500 different sets of quiz muscles shoulder rotator cuff flashcards on quizlet. Surgical anatomy of the rotator cuff and the natural history of. We distinguish an upper surface, in close contact with the skin, bearing rough scores and vascular orifices.
The animations in this video were made using visible body muscle premium 2 and human anatomy. The rotator cuff is extremely vital to dynamic shoulder joint stability, as they are the only muscles that. Lennard funk for msc orthopaedic engineering, 2005. The rotator cable is a structure that can be consistently seen on gross anatomic and histologic analysis, arthroscopy, and mri in the intact rotator cuff. Feb 24, 2020 rotator cuff tendinitis is the term used to describe irritation of tendons either from excessive pressure on the acromion or, less commonly, from intrinsic tendon pathology. The rotator cuff anatomy supraspinatus fails first 40years most commonly injured subscapularis infraspinatus teres minor rarely affected. Anatomy of rotator cuff left print quality instant. What is the rotator cuff and why its important to shoulder. The acromion is flat in shape and extends laterally, then anterolaterally.